 | Plutarch on the Spartan System Greece
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| Thucydides on Athenian Ideals (Funeral Oration of Pericles) Greece
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| Plato on the Ideal State (from the Republic)Greece
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 | Edith Hamilton on Greek Tragedy Greece |
| Plutarch: The Last Days of Alexander greece |
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| The Stoic Philosophy: As described by Diogenes Laertus Rome |
| Plutarch: A Roman of the Old School Rome |
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| Marcus Aurelius: Late Roman Stoicism Rome
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| Hint: For Early Christianity, see Asia (Middle East)
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| The Rule of St. Benedictine General |
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| Ceremonial Relationship Between Lord and Vassal General |
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| Emancipation of a Serf General |
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| The Magna Carta (Significant Provisions) England |
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| Dictatus Gregory VII on the Pope's Prerogatives General |
| Letter to Gregory VII Henry IV responds to the Pope's Prerogatives Germany |
| De Monarchia Dante on Monarchial Government Italy |
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| Imitation of Christ "Of the Inward Life" Germany |
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| Imitation of Christ "Of Good Government" and "That a Man should not be Fretful in Matters of Business" Germany |
| The Prince and other works by Machiavelli (excerpts) Italy |
| Utopia, Sir Thomas More (excerpts) England |
| Letter to a Carthusian Monk, Petrarch Italy |
| Letter to de Santangel from Columbus (Report on his first voyage.) Spain
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| Treatise on Good Works, Martin Luther Germany
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| On Rebellion Against Rulers, Martin Luther Germany
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| Doctrine of Predestination, John Calvin (excerpts) France/Switzerland
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| On Civil Government, John Calvin (excerpts) France/Switzerland |
| Council of Trent, Significant Decrees General |
| Works, King James I (On Divine Right) England
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| Reply of the House of Commons to King James I(1604) England |
| LeviathanThomas Hobbes (Justification of Absolutism) England |
| | Life in Sixteenth Century England, As Described by Erasmus (excerpt) England |
| "On the Principle of Mercantilism", Adam Smith (excerpt from Wealth of Nations) England |
| Some Results of the Enclosure Movement in England, Sir Thomas More (excerpt) England |
| Piratical Exploits of Sir Francis Drake, (excerpt)
England |
| Of Civil Government, John Locke (excerpt) England |
| English Bill of Rights, (excerpt) England |
| Essay Concerning Human Understanding, Locke England |
| Personification of the Enlightenment, Voltaire France |
| The Encyclopedia, The Proper Study of Mankind France |
| The Progress of the Human Mind, Condorcet France |
| The Social Contract, Rousseau France |
| The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen France
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| The Republican Institutions of Saint-Just (A French radical)
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| The Imperial Catechism of Napoleon I France
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| The Capture of Napoleon A British Commentary France |
| The Life, Exile, and Conversations of the Emporer Napoleon de Las Cases France
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| The Principles of Political Economy England |
| Parliamentary Investigations into Child Labor England
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| A Defense of Free Enterprise William Graham Sumner English |
| The Basis of Utopian Socialism Robert Owen England |
| On the Principle of Population Thomas Malthus England |
| The Labor Theory of Value David Ricardo England
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| Struggle for the First Reform Act in Great Britain McCarthy England
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| The Aims of the Chartists England
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| On Liberty John Stuart Mill England
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| Louis Napoleon Establishes the Second Empire France
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| Bismarck Contrives a War with France Germany
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| Proclamation of the German Empire, 1781 Germany
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| White Man's Burden Rudyard Kipling England |
| The Communist Manifesto Marx and Engels Germany
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| An Exposition of Darwinism by a Contemporary Naturalist Wallace England
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| Civilization and Its Discontents Sigmund Freud (Excerpt) Austria
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| Social Statics Herbert Spencer on The Inevitability of Progress, (Excerpt) England
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| Five Years of My Life Captain Alfred Dreyfus (Excerpt) France
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| The Entente Cordial, 1904 Britain and France respecting Egypt and Morocco
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| Mansion House Speech on the 3rd Moroccan Crisis David Lloyd George (Excerpt) England
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| Memoirs of a Revolutionist Peter Kropotkin on the Death of Alexander II Russia
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| Franco-Russian Alliance of 1892 France/Russia
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| Germany's War Aims, September, 1914Bethmann Hollweg Germany
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| Extracts from the Treaty of Versailles General
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| The Basic Philosophy of FacismBenito Mussolini Italy
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| Peace in our Time Neville Chamberlain England
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| Radio Address to the German People Neville Chamberlain England
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| Radio Address to the German People Neville Chamberlain England
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| United Nations Charter General
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| Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) General
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 | Ruins at Mycenae Greece |
 | Theater at EpidaurusGreece |
 | Greek Kouros Figure Greece |
 | Amphitheater at Epidauros, 400 B.C. Greece |
 | The Pillars of the Parthenon. Greece
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 | The Roman Colosseum, 75 - 80 A.D. Roman Empire |
 | Alexander in Battle
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 | Notre Dame Cathedral. France |
 | Anabaptists' Cages, c. 1535
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 | Diagram of the slave ship Brooks |
 | Cartesian Dualism. France
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 | A Laboratory. France
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 | Tsar Peter I, 1682-1725. Russia |
 | A Chapel at Versailles France |
 | St. Peter's Basilica in Rome. Italy
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 | A Gentleman of the Third Estate and his Family France
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 | Klemens von Metternich. Austria
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 | Railway Navvies Britain
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 | Thomas Brassey, Railroad Contractor Britain
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 | Laundress and her children, mid 1800s England
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 | Quaker Soup Kitchen Britain
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 | Workhouse for the Able-bodied Poor Britain
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 | Robert Pool Britain
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 | Illustration from Goethe's Sorrows of Werther Germany
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 | Johann von Herder Germany
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 | Charles Darwin
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 | Young Lenin, 1897
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 | London Dock Strike, 1911
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 | Tsar Nicholas II and his family,1917. Russia
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 | Chancellor Hindenburg, Adolph Hitler in the background, 1928 Germany
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 | German Armored Division Entering Poland September 1, 1939
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 | Polish Jews Evicted from the Warsaw Ghetto, on the way to a concentration camp.
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 | Queen Elizabeth II signs the Canada Act |
 | Crick and Watson discover the Double Helix, England (Crick) and United States (Watson)
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 | Mycenaean and Minoan Civilizations Greece |
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| Greek Colonies,550 B.C. Greece |
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| Roman Expansion Under the Republic. Rome |
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| The Roman Empire. Rome |
| Barbarian Invasions of the 5th and 6th centuries.
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| A Diagram of a Manor, c. 1200. General |
| The German Empire, c. 1200. |
| Medieval Universities. General |
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| Progress of the Black Death. General |
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| Muslim and Mongol Empires, 1000-1500 Greece, Russia |
| | States of Italy during the Renaissance, c.1494
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| | Religious Situation in Europe, c.1560
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| | Europe, c.1560
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| | The Age of Absolutism in Europe
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| France under the Ancien Regime France
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| Unification of Germany, 1740-1871
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| Unification of Italy, 1850s - 1870s Italy |
| Europe after the Congress of Berlin, 1878. General
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| The Dismemberment of the Ottoman Empire. General
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| Imperialism in Africa on the Eve of World War I
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| Imperialism in Asia on the Eve of World War I
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| Europe before WWI General
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| The Soviet Union, 1918-1939
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| Europe before WWII
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