Chapter 7: Shaping A Federal Union
Chapter Outline
- Government under the Articles of Confederation
- The role of Congress
- Strengths and weaknesses
- Accomplishments
- Development of a committee system
- Organization of three departments
- Finance in the Confederation government
- Role of Robert Morris, superintendent of finance
- Reasons for failure to get financial stability
- Growth of the congressional debt
- Development of a land policy
- Basis for congressional action
- Provisions of three major ordinances
- Land surveying and sales
- System of territorial government
- A system for lands south of the Ohio River
- Obtaining claims to Indian lands
- Economic life under the Confederation
- The war’s impact on agriculture
- Problems of merchants
- Trade with Britain and others
- Development of small-scale American manufacturing
- Diplomacy under the Articles
- British irritants
- Conflicts with Spain
- Other problems
- Need to promote domestic manufactures
- Demands for currency or other legal tender
- Causes and importance of Shays’s Rebellion
- Calls for a change in government
- Drafting the Constitution
- Characteristics of the convention
- Delegates and their organization
- Political philosophies
- Organization of the convention
- Decision for secrecy
- Madison’s role
- Conflicts among major plans
- Provisions of the Virginia Plan
- Provisions of the New Jersey Plan
- Content of the Connecticut Compromise
- The conflict over slavery leads to the three-fifths compromise
- Lack of consideration given to women
- Features of the new government
- Separation of powers
- Nature of the bicameral Congress
- Role of the executive
- Provisions for the judiciary
- Concept of countervailing forces
- Basis for ratification
- The fight for ratification
- Characteristics of Federalists and anti-Federalists
- Arguments of The Federalist
- Madison, Hamilton, and Jay
- Number Ten
- Anti-Federalist argument
- The process of ratification
- The genius of the Constitution
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