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"I hear America singing, the varied carols I hear." —WALT WHITMAN

Key Points

  • The European musical tradition dominated in the United States throughout the nineteenth century, and most American musicians studied in Europe.
  • The late-nineteenth-century Second New England School of composition, which included Amy Beach, made its original mark on musical styles in America.
  • Amy Beach was active as a pianist, composer, and music educator.
  • Her Symphony in E minor was inspired by Dvorˇák's New World Symphony; her Violin Sonata in A minor shows the influence of Brahms.
  • Women musicians of the Romantic era were discouraged from pursuing professional careers as composers (CP 13).

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