Chapter 18: Reconstruction: North And South
Chapter Outline
- The war’s aftermath
- The North
- Friendly to business
- National power centralized
- Morrill Tariff
- National Banking Act
- Transcontinental railroad
- Homestead Act
- Morrill Land Grant Act
- The South
- Property destroyed
- Slaves freed
- Confederates embittered
- The freed slaves
- New status
- Legal rights
- Lack of property
- Freedmen’s Bureau
- Help freedmen
- Limited powers
- Battle over Reconstruction
- Lincoln’s plan
- Provisions
- Implementation
- Congressional reaction
- Radical critics
- Wade-Davis Bill
- Lincoln’s response
- Assassination of Lincoln
- Johnson’s plan
- Johnson’s background
- Tennessee
- Jacksonian
- Unionist
- Ideas on Union
- Indestructible
- No Reconstruction
- Similar to Lincoln’s plan
- Southern resistance
- Elects ex-Confederates
- “Black codes”
- Congressional Radicals
- Joint Committee on Reconstruction
- Role of Radicals
- Thaddeus Stevens
- Motivation
- Humanitarianism
- Bitterness
- Black vote
- Constitutional theory
- Johnson vs. Congress
- Veto of Freedmen’s Bureau extension
- Johnson attacks Radicals
- Veto of Civil Rights Act overridden
- The Fourteenth Amendment
- Congressional Reconstruction
- Elections of 1866
- Legislation
- Military Reconstruction Act
- Command of the Army Act
- Tenure of Office Act
- Limits on Supreme Court review
- Impeachment and trial of Johnson
- Mutual hostility
- Initial effort failed
- Violation of Tenure in Office Act
- Political purposes
- Trial
- Effects of trial
- Republican rule in South
- Readmission of states
- Role of Union League
- The reconstructed South
- Attitudes of whites
- The life of freedmen
- Military experience
- Independent organizations
- Families reaffirmed
- Farm workers
- Wage laborers
- Tenant farmers
- Schools
- Black political life
- Illiterate and inexperienced
- Increasing participation
- Divisions among blacks
- Limited political role
- White Republicans in South
- Carpetbaggers
- Scalawags
- The Radicals’ record
- The Grant years
- The election of 1868
- Reasons for support of Grant
- The Grant ticket and platform
- Democratic programs and candidates
- Results
- The character of Grant’s leadership
- Proposal to pay the government debt
- Scandals
- Jay Gould’s effort to corner the gold market
- The Crédit-Mobilier exposure
- Secretary of War and the Indian Bureau
- “Whiskey Ring”
- Grant’s personal role in the scandals
- White terror
- Ku Klux Klan
- Enforcement Acts
- Conservative resurgence
- Weakened morale
- Mobilized white vote
- Decline of northern concern
- Reform and the election of 1872
- Liberal Republicans nominate Greeley in 1872
- Grant’s advantages
- Economic panic
- Causes for the depression
- Severity of the depression
- Democratic control of the House in 1874
- Reissue of greenbacks
- Resumption of specie payments approved in 1875
- The Compromise of 1877
- Election of 1876
- Republicans nominate Hayes
- Democrats run Tilden
- Parties’ stances
- Uncertain results
- Electoral Commission
- Compromises
- End of Reconstruction
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