TEXTS |
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CONTEXTS |
1773
Thomas Hutchinson, Address to the
Massachusetts Assembly
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1781–1788
Jean-Jacques Rousseau,
Confessions
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1781
Immanuel Kant, Critique of Pure
Reason
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1787
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart’s Don
Giovanni is first performed
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1789
The National Assembly in France
issues its charter, Declaration of the
Rights of Man
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1791
Germaine de Staël, The Superiority
of Moderation over Extremism
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1792
Thomas Paine, Address to the
People of France • Jean-Paul Marat,
Address to the Convention on the
Crimes of King Louis XVI
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1794
William Blake, Songs of Innocence
and of Experience
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1798
William Wordsworth and Samuel
Taylor Coleridge, Lyrical Ballads •
Dorothy Wordsworth begins her journals
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1800
Novalis, Hymns to the Night
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1801
United Kingdom of Great Britain
(England and Scotland) and Ireland
established
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1802
Coleridge, Dejection: An Ode
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1803
President Thomas Jefferson
purchases French “Louisiana”
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1804
Napoleon has himself crowned
emperor of France
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1805
Mercy Otis Warren, History of the
Rise, Progress, and Termination of the
American Revolution
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1806
First published lyrics by Anna
Petrovna Bunina
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1808
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Faust,
Part I (Part II, 1832)
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1812–1870
Charles Dickens, English
novelist
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1812–1818 George Gordon, Lord Byron, Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage
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1815
Battle of Waterloo, ending
Napoleon’s career
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1816
Coleridge, Kubla Khan • John Keats,
On First Looking into Chapman’s
Homer
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1818
Germaine de Staël, Considerations
on the Principal Events of the French
Revolution
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1818–1820
Lyrics by Percy Bysshe
Shelley and John Keats
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1820
Alphonse de Lamartine, Poetic
Meditations, his first collection of poems
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1824
Giacomo Leopardi, Canzoni, his first
collection of poems
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1826
Friedrich Hölderlin, Gedichte
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1827
Heinrich Heine, Book of Songs
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1828
Victor Hugo, Odes and Ballads
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1831
First preparation of chloroform
inaugurates a new medical era
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1834
Alexander Sergeyevich Pushkin, The
Queen of Spades
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1837
Mikhail Yuryevitch Lermontov, The
Poet’s Death
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1837
Victoria crowned queen of the United
Kingdom • Electric telegraph patented
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1840
Percy Bysshe Shelley, A Defense of
Poetry; published posthumously
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1842
Alfred, Lord Tennyson, Ulysses
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1845
Frederick Douglass, Narrative of the
Life of Frederick Douglass, an
American Slave
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1847
Charlotte Brontë, Jane Eyre • Emily
Brontë, Wuthering Heights
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1848
Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels,
Communist Manifesto • Revolutions in
France, Italy, Austria, Prague • Gold
discovered in California
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1850
Alfred, Lord Tennyson, In
Memoriam A. H. H.
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1842–1855
Robert Browning writes
poems, including "Childe Roland to the
Dark Tower Came"
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1854
Electric lightbulb invented
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1855
Walt Whitman, Song of Myself •
Gérard de Nerval, Aurélia
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1859
Charles Darwin’s On the Origin of
Species, presenting his theory of evolution
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1860 Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer, Rimas
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1861
Serfs emancipated in Russia •
Beginning of American Civil War
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1863
Emancipation Proclamation frees
slaves in the Confederate States of
America
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1864
Louis Pasteur, who formulated the
germ theory of infection, invents
pasteurization
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1865
American Civil War ends • President
Abraham Lincoln assassinated •
Thirteenth amendment emancipates all
slaves in the United States |
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1867
Karl Marx, Das Kapital |
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1874
First Impressionist exhibition, Paris |
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1876
Alexander Graham Bell invents the
telephone |
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1895
X rays discovered by Bavarian
physicist Wilhelm Röntgen |
1884
Rosalía de Castro, Beside the River
Sar
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1890
Emily Dickinson, Poems, published
posthumously
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1891
Herman Melville leaves manuscript
of Billy Budd, Sailor at his death; not
published until 1924
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1895
X rays discovered by Bavarian
physicist Wilhelm Röntgen
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